105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal #
题目 #
Given preorder and inorder traversal of a tree, construct the binary tree.
Note:You may assume that duplicates do not exist in the tree.
For example, given
preorder = [3,9,20,15,7]
inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]
Return the following binary tree:
3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7
题目大意 #
根据一棵树的前序遍历与中序遍历构造二叉树。
注意: 你可以假设树中没有重复的元素。
解题思路 #
- 给出 2 个数组,根据 preorder 和 inorder 数组构造一颗树。
- 利用递归思想,从 preorder 可以得到根节点,从 inorder 中得到左子树和右子树。只剩一个节点的时候即为根节点。不断的递归直到所有的树都生成完成。
代码 #
package leetcode
import (
"github.com/halfrost/leetcode-go/structures"
)
// TreeNode define
type TreeNode = structures.TreeNode
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* type TreeNode struct {
* Val int
* Left *TreeNode
* Right *TreeNode
* }
*/
// 解法一, 直接传入需要的 slice 范围作为输入, 可以避免申请对应 inorder 索引的内存, 内存使用(leetcode test case) 4.7MB -> 4.3MB.
func buildTree(preorder []int, inorder []int) *TreeNode {
if len(preorder) == 0 {
return nil
}
root := &TreeNode{Val: preorder[0]}
for pos, node := range inorder {
if node == root.Val {
root.Left = buildTree(preorder[1:pos+1], inorder[:pos])
root.Right = buildTree(preorder[pos+1:], inorder[pos+1:])
}
}
return root
}
// 解法二
func buildTree1(preorder []int, inorder []int) *TreeNode {
inPos := make(map[int]int)
for i := 0; i < len(inorder); i++ {
inPos[inorder[i]] = i
}
return buildPreIn2TreeDFS(preorder, 0, len(preorder)-1, 0, inPos)
}
func buildPreIn2TreeDFS(pre []int, preStart int, preEnd int, inStart int, inPos map[int]int) *TreeNode {
if preStart > preEnd {
return nil
}
root := &TreeNode{Val: pre[preStart]}
rootIdx := inPos[pre[preStart]]
leftLen := rootIdx - inStart
root.Left = buildPreIn2TreeDFS(pre, preStart+1, preStart+leftLen, inStart, inPos)
root.Right = buildPreIn2TreeDFS(pre, preStart+leftLen+1, preEnd, rootIdx+1, inPos)
return root
}