189. Rotate Array #
题目 #
Given an array, rotate the array to the right by k steps, where k is non-negative.
Follow up:
- Try to come up as many solutions as you can, there are at least 3 different ways to solve this problem.
- Could you do it in-place with O(1) extra space?
Example 1:
Input: nums = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7], k = 3
Output: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]
Explanation:
rotate 1 steps to the right: [7,1,2,3,4,5,6]
rotate 2 steps to the right: [6,7,1,2,3,4,5]
rotate 3 steps to the right: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]
Example 2:
Input: nums = [-1,-100,3,99], k = 2
Output: [3,99,-1,-100]
Explanation:
rotate 1 steps to the right: [99,-1,-100,3]
rotate 2 steps to the right: [3,99,-1,-100]
Constraints:
1 <= nums.length <= 2 * 10^4
-2^31 <= nums[i] <= 2^31 - 1
0 <= k <= 10^5
题目大意 #
给定一个数组,将数组中的元素向右移动 k 个位置,其中 k 是非负数。
解题思路 #
- 解法二,使用一个额外的数组,先将原数组下标为 i 的元素移动到
(i+k) mod n
的位置,再将剩下的元素拷贝回来即可。 - 解法一,由于题目要求不能使用额外的空间,所以本题最佳解法不是解法二。翻转最终态是,末尾
k mod n
个元素移动至了数组头部,剩下的元素右移k mod n
个位置至最尾部。确定了最终态以后再变换就很容易。先将数组中所有元素从头到尾翻转一次,尾部的所有元素都到了头部,然后再将[0,(k mod n) − 1]
区间内的元素翻转一次,最后再将[k mod n, n − 1]
区间内的元素翻转一次,即可满足题目要求。
代码 #
package leetcode
// 解法一 时间复杂度 O(n),空间复杂度 O(1)
func rotate(nums []int, k int) {
k %= len(nums)
reverse(nums)
reverse(nums[:k])
reverse(nums[k:])
}
func reverse(a []int) {
for i, n := 0, len(a); i < n/2; i++ {
a[i], a[n-1-i] = a[n-1-i], a[i]
}
}
// 解法二 时间复杂度 O(n),空间复杂度 O(n)
func rotate1(nums []int, k int) {
newNums := make([]int, len(nums))
for i, v := range nums {
newNums[(i+k)%len(nums)] = v
}
copy(nums, newNums)
}