227. Basic Calculator II #
题目 #
Given a string s
which represents an expression, evaluate this expression and return its value.
The integer division should truncate toward zero.
Example 1:
Input: s = "3+2*2"
Output: 7
Example 2:
Input: s = " 3/2 "
Output: 1
Example 3:
Input: s = " 3+5 / 2 "
Output: 5
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 3 * 10^5
s
consists of integers and operators('+', '-', '*', '/')
separated by some number of spaces.s
represents a valid expression.- All the integers in the expression are non-negative integers in the range
[0, 2^31 - 1]
. - The answer is guaranteed to fit in a 32-bit integer.
题目大意 #
给你一个字符串表达式 s
,请你实现一个基本计算器来计算并返回它的值。整数除法仅保留整数部分。
解题思路 #
- 这道题是第 224 题的加强版。第 224 题中只有加减运算和括号,这一题增加了乘除运算。由于乘除运算的优先级高于加减。所以先计算乘除运算,将算出来的结果再替换回原来的算式中。最后只剩下加减运算,于是题目降级成了第 224 题。
- 把加减运算符号后面的数字压入栈中,遇到乘除运算,直接将它与栈顶的元素计算,并将计算后的结果放入栈顶。若读到一个运算符,或者遍历到字符串末尾,即认为是遍历到了数字末尾。处理完该数字后,更新
preSign
为当前遍历的字符。遍历完字符串s
后,将栈中元素累加,即为该字符串表达式的值。时间复杂度 O(n),空间复杂度 O(n)。
代码 #
package leetcode
func calculate(s string) int {
stack, preSign, num, res := []int{}, '+', 0, 0
for i, ch := range s {
isDigit := '0' <= ch && ch <= '9'
if isDigit {
num = num*10 + int(ch-'0')
}
if !isDigit && ch != ' ' || i == len(s)-1 {
switch preSign {
case '+':
stack = append(stack, num)
case '-':
stack = append(stack, -num)
case '*':
stack[len(stack)-1] *= num
default:
stack[len(stack)-1] /= num
}
preSign = ch
num = 0
}
}
for _, v := range stack {
res += v
}
return res
}