437. Path Sum III #
题目 #
Given the root
of a binary tree and an integer targetSum
, return the number of paths where the sum of the values along the path equals targetSum
.
The path does not need to start or end at the root or a leaf, but it must go downwards (i.e., traveling only from parent nodes to child nodes).
Example 1:
Input: root = [10,5,-3,3,2,null,11,3,-2,null,1], targetSum = 8
Output: 3
Explanation: The paths that sum to 8 are shown.
Example 2:
Input: root = [5,4,8,11,null,13,4,7,2,null,null,5,1], targetSum = 22
Output: 3
Constraints:
- The number of nodes in the tree is in the range
[0, 1000]
. 109 <= Node.val <= 109
1000 <= targetSum <= 1000
题目大意 #
给定一个二叉树,它的每个结点都存放着一个整数值。找出路径和等于给定数值的路径总数。路径不需要从根节点开始,也不需要在叶子节点结束,但是路径方向必须是向下的(只能从父节点到子节点)。二叉树不超过1000个节点,且节点数值范围是 [-1000000,1000000] 的整数。
解题思路 #
- 这一题是第 112 题 Path Sum 和第 113 题 Path Sum II 的加强版,这一题要求求出任意一条路径的和为 sum,起点不一定是根节点,可以是任意节点开始。
- 注意这一题可能出现负数的情况,节点和为 sum,并不一定是最终情况,有可能下面还有正数节点和负数节点相加正好为 0,那么这也是一种情况。一定要遍历到底。
- 一个点是否为 sum 的起点,有 3 种情况,第一种情况路径包含该 root 节点,如果包含该结点,就在它的左子树和右子树中寻找和为
sum-root.Val
的情况。第二种情况路径不包含该 root 节点,那么就需要在它的左子树和右子树中分别寻找和为 sum 的结点。
代码 #
package leetcode
import (
"github.com/halfrost/leetcode-go/structures"
)
// TreeNode define
type TreeNode = structures.TreeNode
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* type TreeNode struct {
* Val int
* Left *TreeNode
* Right *TreeNode
* }
*/
// 解法一 带缓存 dfs
func pathSum(root *TreeNode, targetSum int) int {
prefixSum := make(map[int]int)
prefixSum[0] = 1
return dfs(root, prefixSum, 0, targetSum)
}
func dfs(root *TreeNode, prefixSum map[int]int, cur, sum int) int {
if root == nil {
return 0
}
cur += root.Val
cnt := 0
if v, ok := prefixSum[cur-sum]; ok {
cnt = v
}
prefixSum[cur]++
cnt += dfs(root.Left, prefixSum, cur, sum)
cnt += dfs(root.Right, prefixSum, cur, sum)
prefixSum[cur]--
return cnt
}
// 解法二
func pathSumIII(root *TreeNode, sum int) int {
if root == nil {
return 0
}
res := findPath437(root, sum)
res += pathSumIII(root.Left, sum)
res += pathSumIII(root.Right, sum)
return res
}
// 寻找包含 root 这个结点,且和为 sum 的路径
func findPath437(root *TreeNode, sum int) int {
if root == nil {
return 0
}
res := 0
if root.Val == sum {
res++
}
res += findPath437(root.Left, sum-root.Val)
res += findPath437(root.Right, sum-root.Val)
return res
}