732. My Calendar III #
题目 #
Implement a MyCalendarThree
class to store your events. A new event can always be added.
Your class will have one method, book(int start, int end)
. Formally, this represents a booking on the half open interval [start, end)
, the range of real numbers x
such that start <= x < end
.
A K-booking happens when K events have some non-empty intersection (ie., there is some time that is common to all K events.)
For each call to the method MyCalendar.book
, return an integer K
representing the largest integer such that there exists a K
-booking in the calendar.
Your class will be called like this:
MyCalendarThree cal = new MyCalendarThree();
MyCalendarThree.book(start, end)
Example 1:
MyCalendarThree();
MyCalendarThree.book(10, 20); // returns 1
MyCalendarThree.book(50, 60); // returns 1
MyCalendarThree.book(10, 40); // returns 2
MyCalendarThree.book(5, 15); // returns 3
MyCalendarThree.book(5, 10); // returns 3
MyCalendarThree.book(25, 55); // returns 3
Explanation:
The first two events can be booked and are disjoint, so the maximum K-booking is a 1-booking.
The third event [10, 40) intersects the first event, and the maximum K-booking is a 2-booking.
The remaining events cause the maximum K-booking to be only a 3-booking.
Note that the last event locally causes a 2-booking, but the answer is still 3 because
eg. [10, 20), [10, 40), and [5, 15) are still triple booked.
Note:
- The number of calls to
MyCalendarThree.book
per test case will be at most400
. - In calls to
MyCalendarThree.book(start, end)
,start
andend
are integers in the range[0, 10^9]
.
题目大意 #
实现一个 MyCalendar 类来存放你的日程安排,你可以一直添加新的日程安排。
MyCalendar 有一个 book(int start, int end)方法。它意味着在start到end时间内增加一个日程安排,注意,这里的时间是半开区间,即 [start, end), 实数 x 的范围为, start <= x < end。当 K 个日程安排有一些时间上的交叉时(例如K个日程安排都在同一时间内),就会产生 K 次预订。每次调用 MyCalendar.book方法时,返回一个整数 K ,表示最大的 K 次预订。
请按照以下步骤调用MyCalendar 类: MyCalendar cal = new MyCalendar(); MyCalendar.book(start, end)
说明:
- 每个测试用例,调用 MyCalendar.book 函数最多不超过 400 次。
- 调用函数 MyCalendar.book(start, end)时, start 和 end 的取值范围为 [0, 10^9]。
解题思路 #
- 设计一个日程类,每添加一个日程,实时显示出当前排期中累计日程最多的个数,例如在一段时间内,排了 3 个日程,其他时间内都只有 0,1,2 个日程,则输出 3 。
- 拿到这个题目以后会立即想到线段树。由于题目中只有增加日程,所以这一题难度不大。这一题和第 699 题也类似,但是有区别,第 699 题中,俄罗斯方块会依次摞起来,而这一题中,俄罗斯方块也就摞起来,但是方块下面如果是空挡,方块会断掉。举个例子:依次增加区间 [10,20],[10,40],[5,15],[5,10],如果是第 699 题的规则,这 [5,10] 的这块砖块会落在 [5,15] 上,从而使得高度为 4,但是这一题是日程,日程不一样,[5,15] 这个区间内有 3 个日程,但是其他部分都没有 3 个日程,所以第三块砖块 [5,15] 中的 [5,10] 会“断裂”,掉下去,第四块砖块还是 [5,10],落在第三块砖块断落下去的位置,它们俩落在一起的高度是 2 。
- 构造一颗线段树,这里用树来构造,如果用数组需要开辟很大的空间。当区间左右边界和查询边界完全相同的时候再累加技术,否则不加,继续划分区间。以区间的左边界作为划分区间的标准,因为区间左边界是开区间,右边是闭区间。一个区间的计数值以区间左边界的计数为准。还是上面的例子,[5,10) 计数以 5 为标准,count = 2,[10,15) 计数以 10 为标准,count = 3 。还需要再动态维护一个最大值。这个线段树的实现比较简单。
- 类似的题目有:第 715 题,第 218 题,第 699 题。第 715 题是区间更新定值(不是增减),第 218 题可以用扫描线,第 732 题和第 699 题类似,也是俄罗斯方块的题目,但是第 732 题的俄罗斯方块的方块会“断裂”。
代码 #
package leetcode
// SegmentTree732 define
type SegmentTree732 struct {
start, end, count int
left, right *SegmentTree732
}
// MyCalendarThree define
type MyCalendarThree struct {
st *SegmentTree732
maxHeight int
}
// Constructor732 define
func Constructor732() MyCalendarThree {
st := &SegmentTree732{
start: 0,
end: 1e9,
}
return MyCalendarThree{
st: st,
}
}
// Book define
func (mct *MyCalendarThree) Book(start int, end int) int {
mct.st.book(start, end, &mct.maxHeight)
return mct.maxHeight
}
func (st *SegmentTree732) book(start, end int, maxHeight *int) {
if start == end {
return
}
if start == st.start && st.end == end {
st.count++
if st.count > *maxHeight {
*maxHeight = st.count
}
if st.left == nil {
return
}
}
if st.left == nil {
if start == st.start {
st.left = &SegmentTree732{start: start, end: end, count: st.count}
st.right = &SegmentTree732{start: end, end: st.end, count: st.count}
st.left.book(start, end, maxHeight)
return
}
st.left = &SegmentTree732{start: st.start, end: start, count: st.count}
st.right = &SegmentTree732{start: start, end: st.end, count: st.count}
st.right.book(start, end, maxHeight)
return
}
if start >= st.right.start {
st.right.book(start, end, maxHeight)
} else if end <= st.left.end {
st.left.book(start, end, maxHeight)
} else {
st.left.book(start, st.left.end, maxHeight)
st.right.book(st.right.start, end, maxHeight)
}
}
/**
* Your MyCalendarThree object will be instantiated and called as such:
* obj := Constructor();
* param_1 := obj.Book(start,end);
*/