1002. Find Common Characters

1002. Find Common Characters #

题目 #

Given an array A of strings made only from lowercase letters, return a list of all characters that show up in all strings within the list (including duplicates). For example, if a character occurs 3 times in all strings but not 4 times, you need to include that character three times in the final answer.

You may return the answer in any order.

Example 1:

Input: ["bella","label","roller"]
Output: ["e","l","l"]

Example 2:

Input: ["cool","lock","cook"]
Output: ["c","o"]

Note:

  1. 1 <= A.length <= 100
  2. 1 <= A[i].length <= 100
  3. A[i][j] is a lowercase letter

题目大意 #

给定仅有小写字母组成的字符串数组 A,返回列表中的每个字符串中都显示的全部字符(包括重复字符)组成的列表。例如,如果一个字符在每个字符串中出现 3 次,但不是 4 次,则需要在最终答案中包含该字符 3 次。你可以按任意顺序返回答案。

解题思路 #

  • 简单题。给出一个字符串数组 A,要求找出这个数组中每个字符串都包含字符,如果字符出现多次,在最终结果中也需要出现多次。这一题可以用 map 来统计每个字符串的频次,但是如果用数组统计会更快。题目中说了只有小写字母,那么用 2 个 26 位长度的数组就可以统计出来了。遍历字符串数组的过程中,不过的缩小每个字符在每个字符串中出现的频次(因为需要找所有字符串公共的字符,公共的频次肯定就是最小的频次),得到了最终公共字符的频次数组以后,按顺序输出就可以了。

代码 #


package leetcode

import "math"

func commonChars(A []string) []string {
	cnt := [26]int{}
	for i := range cnt {
		cnt[i] = math.MaxUint16
	}
	cntInWord := [26]int{}
	for _, word := range A {
		for _, char := range []byte(word) { // compiler trick - here we will not allocate new memory
			cntInWord[char-'a']++
		}
		for i := 0; i < 26; i++ {
			// 缩小频次,使得统计的公共频次更加准确
			if cntInWord[i] < cnt[i] {
				cnt[i] = cntInWord[i]
			}
		}
		// 重置状态
		for i := range cntInWord {
			cntInWord[i] = 0
		}
	}
	result := make([]string, 0)
	for i := 0; i < 26; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < cnt[i]; j++ {
			result = append(result, string(i+'a'))
		}
	}
	return result
}


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