1002. Find Common Characters #
题目 #
Given an array A
of strings made only from lowercase letters, return a list of all characters that show up in all strings within the list (including duplicates). For example, if a character occurs 3 times in all strings but not 4 times, you need to include that character three times in the final answer.
You may return the answer in any order.
Example 1:
Input: ["bella","label","roller"]
Output: ["e","l","l"]
Example 2:
Input: ["cool","lock","cook"]
Output: ["c","o"]
Note:
1 <= A.length <= 100
1 <= A[i].length <= 100
A[i][j]
is a lowercase letter
题目大意 #
给定仅有小写字母组成的字符串数组 A,返回列表中的每个字符串中都显示的全部字符(包括重复字符)组成的列表。例如,如果一个字符在每个字符串中出现 3 次,但不是 4 次,则需要在最终答案中包含该字符 3 次。你可以按任意顺序返回答案。
解题思路 #
- 简单题。给出一个字符串数组 A,要求找出这个数组中每个字符串都包含字符,如果字符出现多次,在最终结果中也需要出现多次。这一题可以用 map 来统计每个字符串的频次,但是如果用数组统计会更快。题目中说了只有小写字母,那么用 2 个 26 位长度的数组就可以统计出来了。遍历字符串数组的过程中,不过的缩小每个字符在每个字符串中出现的频次(因为需要找所有字符串公共的字符,公共的频次肯定就是最小的频次),得到了最终公共字符的频次数组以后,按顺序输出就可以了。
代码 #
package leetcode
import "math"
func commonChars(A []string) []string {
cnt := [26]int{}
for i := range cnt {
cnt[i] = math.MaxUint16
}
cntInWord := [26]int{}
for _, word := range A {
for _, char := range []byte(word) { // compiler trick - here we will not allocate new memory
cntInWord[char-'a']++
}
for i := 0; i < 26; i++ {
// 缩小频次,使得统计的公共频次更加准确
if cntInWord[i] < cnt[i] {
cnt[i] = cntInWord[i]
}
}
// 重置状态
for i := range cntInWord {
cntInWord[i] = 0
}
}
result := make([]string, 0)
for i := 0; i < 26; i++ {
for j := 0; j < cnt[i]; j++ {
result = append(result, string(i+'a'))
}
}
return result
}