1209. Remove All Adjacent Duplicates in String II #
题目 #
Given a string s
, a k duplicate removal consists of choosing k
adjacent and equal letters from s
and removing them causing the left and the right side of the deleted substring to concatenate together.
We repeatedly make k
duplicate removals on s
until we no longer can.
Return the final string after all such duplicate removals have been made.
It is guaranteed that the answer is unique.
Example 1:
Input: s = "abcd", k = 2
Output: "abcd"
Explanation:There's nothing to delete.
Example 2:
Input: s = "deeedbbcccbdaa", k = 3
Output: "aa"
Explanation:
First delete "eee" and "ccc", get "ddbbbdaa"
Then delete "bbb", get "dddaa"
Finally delete "ddd", get "aa"
Example 3:
Input: s = "pbbcggttciiippooaais", k = 2
Output: "ps"
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 10^5
2 <= k <= 10^4
s
only contains lower case English letters.
题目大意 #
给你一个字符串 s,「k 倍重复项删除操作」将会从 s 中选择 k 个相邻且相等的字母,并删除它们,使被删去的字符串的左侧和右侧连在一起。你需要对 s 重复进行无限次这样的删除操作,直到无法继续为止。在执行完所有删除操作后,返回最终得到的字符串。本题答案保证唯一。
解题思路 #
- 暴力解法。每增加一个字符,就往前扫描
k
位,判断是否存在k
个连续相同的字符。消除了k
个相同字符后,重新组成的字符串还可能再次产出k
位相同的字符,(类似消消乐,k
个相同的字符碰到一起就“消除”),还需要继续消除。最差情况要再次扫描一次字符串。时间复杂度 O(n^2),空间复杂度 O(n)。 - 暴力解法的低效在于重复统计字符频次,如果每个字符的频次统计一次就好了。按照这个思路,利用 stack ,每个栈元素存 2 个值,一个是字符,一个是该字符对应的频次。有了栈顶字符频次信息,就不需要重复往前扫描了。只要栈顶字符频次到达了
k
,就弹出该字符。如此反复,最终剩下的字符串为所求。时间复杂度 O(n),空间复杂度 O(n)。
代码 #
package leetcode
// 解法一 stack
func removeDuplicates(s string, k int) string {
stack, arr := [][2]int{}, []byte{}
for _, c := range s {
i := int(c - 'a')
if len(stack) > 0 && stack[len(stack)-1][0] == i {
stack[len(stack)-1][1]++
if stack[len(stack)-1][1] == k {
stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
}
} else {
stack = append(stack, [2]int{i, 1})
}
}
for _, pair := range stack {
c := byte(pair[0] + 'a')
for i := 0; i < pair[1]; i++ {
arr = append(arr, c)
}
}
return string(arr)
}
// 解法二 暴力
func removeDuplicates1(s string, k int) string {
arr, count, tmp := []rune{}, 0, '#'
for _, v := range s {
arr = append(arr, v)
for len(arr) > 0 {
count = 0
tmp = arr[len(arr)-1]
for i := len(arr) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
if arr[i] != tmp {
break
}
count++
}
if count == k {
arr = arr[:len(arr)-k]
} else {
break
}
}
}
return string(arr)
}